BUNESSAN
Scotland 蘇格蘭西面海岸 Isle of Mull 穆爾島西南端的 Ross of Mull 穆爾半島, 十八世紀末由 John Campell - Duke of Argyll V. 阿蓋爾公爵五世, 在島上位處 Loch na Làthaich 湖的南面接近海灣的入口, 建立一個名為 "Bunessan" 的小村落, 在地利上以漁業為主, 亦是務農的聚居地。1782年, 一次嚴重的霜凍和大雪, 導致當地的玉米和馬鈴薯農作物嚴重失收, 許多人不得不前往 "Lowlands 低地" 的地區尋找工作。至1845年, Bunessan 的人口衹有二百五十人。
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"Leanabh an Àigh" 聖 誕 頌 歌
Mary M. MacDonald (Màiri Dhòmhnallach) (1789-1872)
農夫兼浸信會牧師的女兒, 生於 Ardtun 阿德頓的佃農社區, 住在 Ross of Mull 穆爾半島的小村莊 Bunessan。Mary 婚後成為佃農的妻子, 紡紗線工作之外, 以咏唱聖詩打發時間, 並以 Gaelic 蓋爾語和當地傳統的曲調, 寫成一首在蘇格蘭流傳至今的聖誕頌歌 "Leanabh an Àigh" (The Child of Joy)。今天, 在這村落以東約三公里的 Craignure 路上, 仍可見一座紀念她的碑石, 在附近的一個廢虛就是她曾居住的房子所在地。
"Leanabh an Àigh" - Gaelic
十九世紀, 英國的傳道及聖詩作者 Samuel Trevor Francis (1834-1925) 在青年時期的一個晚上, 站在泰晤士河的橋上曾萌生過自殺的念頭, 經歷過接近神靈之後, 在信仰上獲得重生, 自此創作許多詩歌和聖歌; 從商之外, 亦成為傳道人。1875年, 將 "Leanabh an Àigh" 撰上英文歌詞, 成為 "O the Deep, Deep Love of Jesus" 的教堂詩歌, 將耶穌的愛比作無邊際的海洋, 強調了上帝對歌者與全人類的愛是無限與永恆, 且充滿犧牲的精神。
"O the Deep, Deep, Deep Love of Jesus"
1888年, Gaelic 蓋爾語學者作家 Lachlan Macbean (1853-1931) 將 Mary MacDonald 的作品 "Leanabh an Àigh" 翻譯成英語版本 "Child in the Manger 馬槽裏的孩子", 並將這傳統的曲調命名為 "Bunessan"。1950年, 首張唱片面世, 由 "The Kirkintilloch Junior Choir" 演繹。
"Child in the Manger"
1931年, "Bunessan" 這篇民間的樂曲, 由英國知名女作家 Eleanor Farjeon (1881-1965) 撰上歌詞, 成為教堂唱詩班的另一首聖歌 "Morning Has Broken"。在樂壇有記錄, 純音樂演繹的唱片錄音, 是1972年八月面世, 由日本樂隊 "稻垣二郎 Jiro Inagaki & His Soul Media" 的版本, 繼而是同年由 Floyd Cramer 的演繹; 而撰上歌詞的版本亦早於同年一月, 由英國搖滾歌手 Cat Stevens 率先在流行樂壇面世....
"Morning Has Broken" Instrumental - 稻垣二郎 Jiro Inagaki & His Soul Media
Morning Has Broken" Instrumental - Floyd Cramer
Morning Has Broken" - Cat Stevens 1972年一月, 搖滾歌手 Cat Stevens 以這首基督教義的民歌風靡世界流行樂壇。1977年, 他卻宣布加入 Islam 伊斯蘭教, 放棄象徵西方文化的 Tee-Shirt 牛仔褲, 穿上 Arabs 阿拉伯的 "Thawb 托布" 白袍和頭巾, 改上伊斯蘭名字 Yusuf Islam, 致力於 Muslin 穆斯林社區的教育和慈善事業, 花了二十年時間只演奏符合嚴格宗教標準的音樂; 2006年, 仍以 Yusuf/Cat Stevens 的名字重新回到世俗音樂的創作。2014年, 登入 "Rock and Rock Hall of Fame 搖滾名人殿堂", 更獲兩個榮譽博士頭銜, 因促進和平而獲得人道主義的獎項。時至今天, 世界各國仍在關注民主與神權政治之間引起的問題, 回顧歴史, 相信這是 "神" 亦沒法解開的死結!
"MORNING HAS BROKEN" - Yusuf/Cat Stevens
Morning has broken like the first morning
Blackbird has spoken like the first bird
Praise for the singing, praise for the morning
Praise for them springing fresh from the world
Sweet the rains new fall, sunlit from Heaven
Like the first dewfall on the first grass
Praise for the sweetness of the wet garden
Sprung in completeness where His feet pass
Mine is the sunlight, mine is the morning
Born of the one light, Eden saw play
Praise with elation, praise every morning
God's recreation of the new day
Morning has broken like the first morning
Blackbird has spoken like the first bird
Praise for the singing, praise for the morning
Praise for them springing fresh from the world
不 同 語 言
CZECH - "Jako já, jako ty" written by Pavel Žák 1997
"Vrátil se král" written by Pavel Kopta 2024
DANISH - "Daggryets finger" written by Thøger Olesen 1972
"Morgenen bryder frem" written by Niels Brunse 2009
DUTCH - "Mooi is de morgen" written by Theun de Winter 1989
"Een nieuwe morgen" written by Mary Boduin 2012
ENGLISH - "Child in the Manger" written by Lachlan MacBean 1888
"O the Deep, Deep Love of Jesus" written by Samuel Trevor Francis 1890
"Morning Has Broken" written by Eleanor Farjeon 1931
FINNISH - "Särkyneet aamut" written by Hector 1978
"Nousta sain aamuun" written by Pasi Lehto 2006
FRENCH - "Matin brisé" written by Henri Dès 1972
"Drôle d'hiver" written by Louis Bertignac 2018
GERMAN - "Schön ist der Morgen" written by Gisela Zimber 1972
"Bald bricht der Tag an" written by Toni Weddel 1977
"Silberner Morgen" written by Michael Kunze 1986
"Ein kühler Morgen written by Elke Martens 1995
"Morgen hat gebrochen written by Arnd Zeigler, Berthold Brunsen 1997
"Wieder ein Morgen written by Horst-Herbert Krause 2003
ICELANDIC - "Líður að jólum written by Hinrik Bjarnason 1994
NORWEGIAN - "Frelser i stallen written by Per Lønning 1977
"Stille som snøen written by Finn Evensen 1999
PORTUGUESE - "Mãnha que rompe written by Guilherme Arantes 1994
SWEDISH - "Tänk att få vakna written by Ingamay Hörnberg 1973
"Gläds åt var morgon written by Hawkey Franzén 1974