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November 26, 2013

NATIONAL ANTHEM - Uruguay

《Orientales, la patria o la tumba 
 東岸人, 無祖國毋寧死》
1828年, Uruguay 烏拉圭獨立之後仍沒有國歌, 至1833年, 詩人作家 Francisco Acuña de Figueroa 提供一份歌詞給政府並提議作為國歌之用, 這份原有11段的歌詞被採納後仍未配上樂曲。歌詞的第一段演譯出本土英烈在獨立鬥爭中的驍勇氣概, 而其他段落則著重表達了對前宗主國西班牙帝國和曾吞併烏拉圭的巴西帝國的憤慨。



後來這十一段的歌詞被撰上了長逹一百零五個小節的樂曲, 以 "拉丁美洲史詩式" 的音樂典範演譯, 不僅緣於其歌詞體裁, 還因為它具有義大利歌劇的風格。這創作出自没甚麼名氣的匈牙利裔作曲家 Francisco José Debali, 之前他是義大利 Piemonte 大區軍樂隊指揮, 1838年才移民至烏拉圭, 對西班牙語文的能力有限, 他得到作曲家 Fernando Quijano 的協助, 這樂曲於1845年首度亮相, 直至1848年7月25日被正式定為"Uruguay 烏拉圭"國歌。


全首國歌共五張樂曲譜的開始第一張


"烏拉圭國歌" 在正式的獻唱, 以長達一分鐘左右的音樂前奏, 接下來呈現出典型的三部曲型式, 開始以合唱段, 繼而是獨唱段, 最後又是合唱段。為了適應歌曲, 有些歌詞句子要重覆。即使如今第二段至第十一段不再被演唱, 這首共有一百零五個小節的歌曲, 完整演奏一遍往往需要五分鐘的時間, 至今是世界上最長的國歌。因此, 在部分場合 (如世界杯足球賽等運動會, 甚至一些外交場合) 只能演奏其縮短版本。

《Orientales, la patria o la tumba 東岸人, 無祖國毋寧死》, 所指的 " Orientales 東岸" 是烏拉圭人民很熟悉的一個詞彙, 指的是 Argentina 阿根廷的 Río de la Plata 拉普拉塔河東岸的 Uruguay 烏拉圭國土。


LYRIC: Francisco Acuña de Figueroa,1833
MUSIC: Francisco José Debali,1845
ADOPTED: Lyric - 1833
                   Music - 1848

《Orientales, la patria o la tumba 東岸人, 無祖國毋寧死》- Spanish
Public Performance Lyrics (The first two verses)
Orientales la Patria o la Tumba!
Libertad o con gloria morir! 
Orientales la Patria o la Tumba!
Libertad o con gloria morir!
Es el voto que el alma pronuncia,
Y que heroicos sabremos cumplir!
Es el voto que el alma pronuncia,
Y que heroicos sabremos cumplir!
Que sabremos cumplir!
Es el voto que el alma pronuncia,
Y que heroicos sabremos cumplir!
Que sabremos cumplir!

Sabremos cumplir!
Sabremos cumplir!
Sabremos cumplir!

SOLO Stanza -
Libertad, libertad Orientales!
Este grito a la Patria salvó.
Que a sus bravos en fieras batallas
De entusiasmo sublime inflamó.
Libertad, libertad Orientales!
Este grito a la Patria salvó.
Que a sus bravos en fieras batallas
De entusiasmo sublime inflamó.
De este don sacrosanto la gloria
Merecimos: tiranos temblad!

Tiranos temblad!
Tiranos temblad!

SOLO Stanza -
Ah !
Libertad en la lid clamaremos,
Y muriendo, también libertad!

Libertad en la lid clamaremos,
Y muriendo, también libertad!
Y muriendo, también libertad!
También libertad!
Tambén libertad!
Orientales la Patria o la Tumba!
Libertad o con gloria morir!
Orientales la Patria o la Tumba!
Libertad o con gloria morir!
Es el voto que el alma pronuncia,
Y que heroicos sabremos cumplir!
Es el voto que el alma pronuncia,
Y que heroicos sabremos cumplir!
Que sabremos cumplir!
Es el voto que el alma pronuncia,
Y que heroicos sabremos cumplir!
Que sabremos cumplir!
Sabremos cumplir!
Sabremos cumplir!
Sabremos cumplir!

English Translation
Orientals, our nation or the grave,
Liberty or with glory we die.
Orientals, our nation or the grave,
Liberty or with glory we die.
Its the vows that our souls pronounce
and which heroically we will fulfill.
Its the vows that our souls pronounce
and which heroically we will fulfill.
We will fulfill.
Its the vows that our souls pronounce
and which heroically we will fulfill.
We will fulfill.
We will fulfill.
We will fulfill.
We will fulfill.

SOLO Stanza-
Liberty, Liberty, Orientals.
This is the outcry which our nation saved
and its braves in fierce battles
of sublime enthusiasm enflamed
Liberty, Liberty, Orientals.
This is the outcry which our nation saved
and its braves in fierce battles
of sublime enthusiasm enflamed
This Holy gift of Glory we deserved
Tyrants: Tremble !

Tyrants: Tremble !
Tyrants: Tremble !

SOLO Stanza -
Ah !
Liberty in combat we will Cry Out!
And even dying, Freedom we shall also Shout !

Liberty in combat we will Cry Out!
And even dying, Freedom we shall also Shout !
And even dying, Freedom we shall also Shout !
Freedom we shall also Shout !
Freedom we shall also Shout !
Orientals, our nation or the grave,
Liberty or with glory we die.
Orientals, our nation or the grave,
Liberty or with glory we die.
Its the vows that our souls pronounce
and which heroically we will fulfill.
Its the vows that our souls pronounce
and which heroically we will fulfill.
We will fulfill.
Its the vows that our souls pronounce
and which heroically we will fulfill.
We will fulfill.
We will fulfill.
We will fulfill.
We will fulfill.